Author Topic: Virtual PC some info  (Read 9233 times)

Offline teroyk

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Virtual PC some info
« on: May 04, 2022, 03:10:36 AM »
Some info about Virtual PC for Mac OS 9

I wrote down some information about Virtual PC that I have learned some years ago. Most of information is tested by me, but not all with my Macs or disks..so I don't have all files for recheck, so I hope I remember right (I start to write this, when I noticed that I have forget so much and hard remember anymore). It's funny that I have never liked old real PCs…they are noisy big ugly boxes with buggy software, and have to always upgrade. Virtual PC was easy tool show that buggy software side in not so noisy and not so big ugly boxes.

I wrote text for people who knows something about old PC:s and Macs…you might understand this better after you have used Virtual PC sometime.

Common for all Mac versions that works with Mac OS 9:
- If you use real floppy and want it keep "PC clean", then only use it without write protect when Virtual PC is on top (front).
- Virtual PC or Finder can hang if you have auto CD play in Mac or virtual machine when you put CD-ROM with Audio-tracks when Virtual PC running.
- Don't mix HD-images with different version of Virtual PC, except if you upgrade, downgrading is between hard work or impossible.
- Write text file what version HD-image is…after years you might need that info.
- Practical PC OS minimum is MS-DOS 5.00, but tested to work with 3.31 (mouse- and cd-driver works!)
- Practical GUI minimum Windows 3.1, but tested to work with 1.04 (mouse works and cd-driver works, CD looks like HD, because it's just any DOS-drive for Win1)
- Practical OS maximum depends what kind of PC Virtual PC version emulates, but you can try install newer OS that officially supported, but without additions.
- If OS is not officially supported, you can still transfer files floppy and CD-ROM and with second hard disk images that are formatted with FAT16 or FAT32. So feel free to test any OS and come here to tell what happens.
- I have installed BeOS 5 Pro successfully although Connectix said that you cannot, sadly I don't remember anymore what Virtual PC version it was and what problems there was, before I did it.
- If you don't have 3dfx Voodoo-card in your Mac then just use that DirectX version what is pre-installed,  You can install newer DirectX, but normally that doesn't give more compatibility without Voodoo, this is normal even real PC with S3 Trio32-graphics.
- Installing DirectX 8 and 9, breaks game compatibility almost always (even with Voodoo1 in real PC), if you want try DirectX 8 and 9 games, try them with 3D-Analyze…and come here to tell good settings.
- Emulated graphics card is S3 Trio32/64 (check with S3ID.EXE in DOS exact version)
- Emulated mouse is like PS/2-mouse in PS/2-mouseport.
- If you use older DOS OS than DOS 7.0 then I recommend format HD-image first with FORMAT C: /S with that OS version what you going to use (boot from floppy).
- You might need OS CD-ROM that comes with Virtual PC version where HD-image is from (it is second CD-ROM in package) if you install something or upgrade Virtual PC. If you have lost it check exact version of Windows is it Win95 a/b/c or Win 98 (FE)/SE and find it somewhere.
- 256 colors has fasted video update, but only when use it in both virtual machine and Mac.
- You can try thousand colors, sometimes it is only 10% slower, but sometimes it slows badly.
- Use million colors only when really need (graphics apps)
- Read VPC Manuals and readme:s, they have good info, but some errors too.
- Remember that virtualizing different CPU+GPU normally needs 10x-20x more powerful machine, so be happy with that speed that you get..Connectix really did some magic-code or/and PowerPC-processor is really fast.
- And I still missing Connectix Virtual PC with Red Hat Linux CD-ROM..and files from ftp://care.connectix.com/users/linuxadditions that was behind password and only for people who had bought VPC with Linux.

EDIT: fixed two typos..I am not english native..so there might be more typos.
« Last Edit: May 04, 2022, 05:54:39 AM by teroyk »

Offline Jubadub

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #1 on: May 10, 2022, 05:47:49 AM »
Cool thread, this is helpful.

Now we need to figure out how to boot OS X 10.4 in it (Intel version), to have access to cool things such as OS X's unzipper for OS 9 use. Keka for 7-zip is cool too, but good old Windows can also take care of that.

So many files out there use the OS X zip format, even when the files are meant for OS 9. It's stupid. Let's fix this.

I'm trying to use the Hackintosh Disc "JaS Mac OS X 10.4.8" (note: currently Macintosh Garden isn't working with HTTPS, but you can use this link with Classilla and such).

Virtual PC 6 (6.0 ~ 6.1.2) complains about "bad sectors" or something, at least when the image file is mounted, as opposed to using a physical DVD. (I had to mount it separately from VPC's CD mounting command, since it could not detect the ISO, I guess because of file size. I mounted it on the Finder, and if nothing else is mounted, and you allow "CD" booting on VPC, then it finds it automatically when you start the virtual machine.)

I will try to burn the ".iso" to a single-layer DVD-R and see if that helps, but first I need to buy a few blank DVDs to be able to do that.

Offline teroyk

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #2 on: May 10, 2022, 12:42:57 PM »
Now we need to figure out how to boot OS X 10.4 in it (Intel version), to have access to cool things such as OS X's unzipper for OS 9 use. Keka for 7-zip is cool too
...
Virtual PC 6 (6.0 ~ 6.1.2) complains about "bad sectors" or something, at least when the image file is mounted, as opposed to using a physical DVD. (I had to mount it separately will try to burn the ".iso" to a single-layer DVD-R and see if that helps, but first I need to buy a few blank DVDs to be able to do that.

Good idea.
Virtual PC 6 for Mac OS 9 cannot boot at all from DVD although OSX version does...but maybe it is better test on VPC 6 OSX first and if it's works then try to use HD-image with VPC 6 MacOS9.
There is OSX 10.4 CD-version, but I think it's only for PPC:s.



Offline Jubadub

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #3 on: May 10, 2022, 01:00:02 PM »
Virtual PC 6 for Mac OS 9 cannot boot at all from DVD although OSX version does...but maybe it is better test on VPC 6 OSX first and if it's works then try to use HD-image with VPC 6 MacOS9.

Sounds like a good plan. Let's see how far we can get this to work.

At worst, there's always installing QEMU 2.7.0 on Windows XP on Virtual PC. :P That's the last resort, though.

Offline Jubadub

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #4 on: May 10, 2022, 02:47:38 PM »
On OS X Tiger, VPC 6 also errors out with the mounted media:

"Error parsing plist fileLoading Darwin/x86"

I think I saw that error under OS 9 VPC 6, too.


Looks like to do this, it will require more involvement than just that.

Edit: Nevermind, just noticed my JaS image was truncated to 2GB somehow (I suspect an AFP transfer did this), and was thus corrupted. I'm honestly surprised I was able to use it at all.

So this means we did not even get started with the fun yet. :)
« Last Edit: May 10, 2022, 03:39:56 PM by Jubadub »

Offline Jubadub

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #5 on: May 11, 2022, 02:18:31 PM »
I finally tried booting JaS, this time with the full 4.4GB image, under OS 9 and OS X, and now the outcome was consistent on both machines and OSes. Now VPC says there was some error and that the machine needs to be restarted.

I also noticed that the JaS image, once mounted, has 2 partitions. Macintosh Garden member MikeTomTom briefly explains what they are in this thread. (We are discussing this JaS + VPC plan there, too.)

In one of the partitions, "osx86dvd", there's a file, "BOOTHELP.TXT", and it reveals to us a few more command-line parameters we can use during boot. The full file says:

Quote
    The boot: prompt waits for you to type advanced startup options.
    If you don't type anything, the computer continues starting up normally. It
    uses the kernel and configuration files on the startup device, which it also
    uses as the root device. Advanced startup options use the following syntax:
    [device] [arguments]
    Example arguments include
    device: rd= (e.g. rd=disk0s2)
    rd=* (e.g. rd=*/PCI0@0/CHN0@0/@0:1)
    kernel: kernel name (e.g. "mach_kernel" - must be in "/" )
    flags: -v (verbose) -s (single user mode),
    -x (safe mode) -F (ignore boot configuration file)
    "Graphics Mode"="WIDTHxHEIGHTxDEPTH" (e.g. "1024x768x32")
    For VESA 3.0 graphics, you may append a refresh rate
    after an "@" character (e.g. "1280x1024x32@75")
    kernel flags (e.g. debug=0x144)
    io=0xffffffff (defined in IOKit/IOKitDebug.h)

    Example: mach_kernel rd=disk0s1 -v "Graphics Mode"="4096x4096x32@85"

    If the computer won't start up properly, you may be able to start it up using
    safe mode. Type -x to start up in safe mode, which ignores all cached
    driver files.

    Special booter commands:
    ?memory Displays information about the computer's memory.
    ?video Displays VESA video modes supported by the computer's BIOS.

    Additional useful command-line options:
    config= Use an alternate Boot.plist file.
    platform=ACPI|X86PC Use either ACPI or non-ACPI platform support.

    Options useful in the com.apple.Boot.plist file:
    "Boot Graphics"=Yes|No Use graphics mode or text mode when starting.
    "Quiet Boot"=Yes|No Use quiet boot mode (no messages or prompt).
    Timeout=8 Number of seconds to pause at the boot: prompt.

Using the -F argument (ignores boot configuration file), we get to see this:



It won't get past that, and in fact it barely got started booting, BUT, there's some element of divine justice about this sight. :)

If I understood things right, it seems to be crashing during System:Library:Extensions.mkext (from disc partition "JaS 10.4.8 AMD Intel SSE2 SSE3", which is essentially the Tiger partition) being read. By following the BOOTHELP.TXT file and changing "Boot Graphics" from "Yes" to "No" in the com.apple.Boot.plist file (full path being Library:Preferences:SystemConfiguration:com.apple.Boot.plist), we get to see where exactly it seems to be crashing at, or right before the actual crashing point (assuming it is not being shown, and would be shown next):



Based on that, I tried adding "platform=ACPI" or "platform=X86PC" to my command-line arguments, but I got the same outcome regardless.

Then I thought of deleting whatever it takes to let things at least boot, but being unfamiliar with OS X files, I wasn't quite sure what to remove. I tried removing a lot of files from the disc, but my efforts did not change the outcome.

I was also checking the plist files and seeing if there was some node/attribute I could try changing, but I didn't find anything that caught my eye. Then again, there are tons of plist files to check...

So that's where I stand now. I wonder if VPC is doing everything with the first partition, "JaS 10.4.8 AMD Intel SSE2 SSE3", and is not making use of the ever-important boot files from the other partition, "osx86dvd"? Edit: Nevermind, if I unmount "osx86dvd" from desktop, then it doesn't even begin to boot.

Anyone, especially someone with more OS X knowledge than me (basically anyone), willing to give this a shot, too?
« Last Edit: May 11, 2022, 02:29:32 PM by Jubadub »

Offline DrNo7

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #6 on: May 11, 2022, 09:36:36 PM »
Quote
from disc partition "JaS 10.4.8 AMD Intel SSE2 SSE3",

If I rmember properly, VPC emulates a Pentium2 or equivalent. Unfortunately, as the disk image name reminds us, Tiger x86 does require SSE2 & SSE3 vector units on the CPU (similar to PPC AltiVec).

So if the CPU emulated does not have the capability, it will never boot. If you are lucky, some hackintosh dev wrote a kext or a patch to enable SSE2 only CPUs but I don't think there will be a chance to find also the same to "translate" SSE2 calls into lesser instructions.

The attempt was interesting (running Snow Leopard or newer could have been fun) but would require some darker magic than currently available...
Ti 1 GHz / 1 GB / FW SSD / Airport Extreme PCMCIA (triple boot)
Alu 12 1.5GHz / 1.5 GB / 256 GB mSata SSD (dual boot for now)

Offline Jubadub

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #7 on: May 12, 2022, 01:05:01 AM »
Quote
from disc partition "JaS 10.4.8 AMD Intel SSE2 SSE3",

If I rmember properly, VPC emulates a Pentium2 or equivalent. Unfortunately, as the disk image name reminds us, Tiger x86 does require SSE2 & SSE3 vector units on the CPU (similar to PPC AltiVec).

So if the CPU emulated does not have the capability, it will never boot. If you are lucky, some hackintosh dev wrote a kext or a patch to enable SSE2 only CPUs but I don't think there will be a chance to find also the same to "translate" SSE2 calls into lesser instructions.

The attempt was interesting (running Snow Leopard or newer could have been fun) but would require some darker magic than currently available...

I thought the exact same thing. Yet, over at that Garden page I linked to, user MikeTomTom said that it isn't a problem since, despite what the ISO file name suggests, he was able to boot JaS in the past on a Pentium 4, which, from what could be inferred from the conversation, lacks both SSE3 and even SSE2.

About what Virtual PC emulates, I can confirm that, at least as it is, VPC 6.x lacks SSE2 support, as the latest version of Firefox for Windows XP (52.9.0esr 32-bit) will inform us. The (hidden) "Scripts" menu item from VPC seems to suggest at least MMX is supported (which can be disabled from there), and no idea about SSE (SSE1), but I'm under the impression there's no SSE either due to there being an option to switch on/off MMX, but not SSE.

Actually, after writing all this, I just took a look and saw that this page says Pentium 3 introduced SSE, and Pentium 4 SSE2. Meaning MikeTomTom would have booted by having SSE2 support, after all... And it also supports your claim that VPC 6 emulates a Pentium 2.

It does seem like further dark magic and wizardry might be indeed required...

Offline teroyk

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #8 on: May 16, 2022, 11:34:11 AM »
Actually, after writing all this, I just took a look and saw that this page says Pentium 3 introduced SSE, and Pentium 4 SSE2. Meaning MikeTomTom would have booted by having SSE2 support, after all... And it also supports your claim that VPC 6 emulates a Pentium 2.

VPC 6.0.2 emulates Intel CPU Family 6 Model 8 Stepping 4...and now comes good question what CPU is it exactly?
I think it is Intel Pentium III Coppermine without SSE, but I am not 100% sure. Has somebody stepping information to that Intel Family and Model?

Offline DrNo7

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #9 on: May 16, 2022, 09:46:45 PM »
It is difficult to cross reference exactly by stepping (but it is usually internal bugfixing) but I ended up with P3 coppermine:
http://www.paradicesoftware.com/specs/cpuid/index.htm

According to Wikipedia, it has SSE:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentium_III

However, OS X requires SSE2 and SSE3 (I think there is a kext/patch to run SSE2 only but don't know how maintained it is).
Ti 1 GHz / 1 GB / FW SSD / Airport Extreme PCMCIA (triple boot)
Alu 12 1.5GHz / 1.5 GB / 256 GB mSata SSD (dual boot for now)

Offline teroyk

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #10 on: May 17, 2022, 03:25:11 AM »
It is difficult to cross reference exactly by stepping (but it is usually internal bugfixing) but I ended up with P3 coppermine:
http://www.paradicesoftware.com/specs/cpuid/index.htm
According to Wikipedia, it has SSE:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentium_III

And sometimes stepping processor down means that something is disabled (like with some Intel Celerons)
But I was lucky (or unlucky) to test real PC with Pentium III with SSE, today.
And CPU-Z 1.26 -utility says it is Intel CPU Family is 6, model 8 and stepping 6. (And VPC6 have stepping 4)

And now I have confirmed also with CPU-Z with VPC 6.0.2 does not give information that it has SSE-instructions.
So I think it is confirmed now that VPC 6.0.2. emulated CPU is Pentium III without SSE.

Offline Jubadub

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #11 on: May 18, 2022, 06:43:00 AM »
Actually, I discovered that you can right-click a virtual machine on the Virtual Machines List within VPC 6, and select "Get Info". It will explicitly say "Pentium II with MMX". If you disable MMX, I think it just said "Pentium II" instead.

Tested on VPC 6.0.2, 6.1.2, 4.0.2, 7.0.3.

By the way, I wrote more about this on the Garden both in that thread as well as in the VPC pages (I put a picture in there), but I was actually able to "boot OS X under OS 9". Indirectly, but it still technically is OS X under OS 9, with the following:

OS 9 VPC 6 > Win XP Prof. SP3 32-bit > PearPC 0.5.0 (Panther 10.3.0)

It "works", but is horrendous to use. Not recommended. Still, something useful can still come out of it. Also tried QEMU 2.7.0.0 with both Intel and PPC OS X, but that didn't work somehow (not sure if my config was bad), so I turned to PearPC instead.

I then went and tried to also boot Win 7 and other systems after XP, but it didn't work. But some may be able to be made to work. If curious, I suggest checking out the VPC 6 page at the Garden.

Windows Server 2003 R2/SP2 and pre-reset latest build of Longhorn (later Vista) do boot and work in VPC 6, though, from what I could tell.

Offline teroyk

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #12 on: May 20, 2022, 08:13:48 AM »
It "works", but is horrendous to use. Not recommended. Still, something useful can still come out of it. Also tried QEMU 2.7.0.0 with both Intel and PPC OS X, but that didn't work somehow (not sure if my config was bad), so I turned to PearPC instead.

How about testing directly with Bohcs for Mac OS 9:
https://sourceforge.net/projects/bochs/files/bochs/2.1.1/
It seems that it started support SSE and SSE2 from version 2.0:
https://bochs.sourceforge.io/release2_0.html
Please start new thread about Bochs, if you test it, because it is very different kind of PC emulator than VPC.

I then went and tried to also boot Win 7 and other systems after XP, but it didn't work. But some may be able to be made to work. If curious, I suggest checking out the VPC 6 page at the Garden.
Windows Server 2003 R2/SP2 and pre-reset latest build of Longhorn (later Vista) do boot and work in VPC 6, though, from what I could tell.

Windows 7 beta doesn't need SSE, but final release needs.

Offline Jubadub

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #13 on: May 20, 2022, 12:32:08 PM »
How about testing directly with Bohcs for Mac OS 9:
https://sourceforge.net/projects/bochs/files/bochs/2.1.1/
It seems that it started support SSE and SSE2 from version 2.0:
https://bochs.sourceforge.io/release2_0.html
Please start new thread about Bochs, if you test it, because it is very different kind of PC emulator than VPC.

Oh, Bochs was available for OS 9?! How great is that! Awesome! Thanks for sharing!

Windows 7 beta doesn't need SSE, but final release needs.

Actually, Windows 7 doesn't need SSE at all (except for May 2018 updates and later), but what it needs is ACPI-compliant hardware. Same for Vista.
Windows 8 onwards requires SSE/SSE2. And Windows Server 2008 R2 (not Windows Server 2008, including SP2) onwards only exist in 64-bit.

Offline Jubadub

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #14 on: May 21, 2022, 04:35:45 AM »
Please start new thread about Bochs, if you test it, because it is very different kind of PC emulator than VPC.

Done: http://macos9lives.com/smforum/index.php/topic,6325.0.html

Offline teroyk

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #15 on: May 24, 2022, 01:52:37 AM »
when another looks to Bochs/QEMU..I looked back to VPC history:

Virtual PC 1:
- Don't work with Mac OS 9 (Mac OS 8.1 max)
- Only version that has Windows 3.1 additions. You can install them to newer version and then replace FSHARE.EXE from your Virtual PC version Extras.
- Only reason to install this version is take additions or HD-images to never version.
- Virtual PC with Win95 HD-image is Win95B.

Offline Jubadub

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #16 on: May 24, 2022, 02:19:33 AM »
Are there additions for NeXTSTEP / OPENSTEP and OS/2? There's also a pre-installed VPC 5 Rhapsody DR2 image in the Garden in the Rhapsody page. Things might work between Rhapsody and NeXTSTEP/OPENSTEP. Or not.

Official docs say NeXT's OS can be installed, but first we need to toggle some CD option before we can do that. I think something about IDE...

Also, did we ever find the Red Hat or overall GNU/Linux additions?

Offline teroyk

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #17 on: May 24, 2022, 02:33:32 AM »
Official docs say NeXT's OS can be installed, but first we need to toggle some CD option before we can do that. I think something about IDE...

Some versions had NeXT OS support and yes it was something to do with secondary IDE...I don't remember what it was.

Also, did we ever find the Red Hat or overall GNU/Linux additions?

Not yet. They was in Connectix Virtual PC with Red Hat Linux CD-ROM and updates was on Connectix ftp-server. Here is separate thread about that:
http://macos9lives.com/smforum/index.php/topic,5481.0.html

Offline teroyk

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #18 on: May 29, 2022, 01:07:01 PM »
- If OS is not officially supported, you can still transfer files floppy and CD-ROM and with second hard disk images that are formatted with FAT16 or FAT32. So feel free to test any OS and come here to tell what happens.

Because I cannot edit my first post anymore I give more exact information here: That second hard disk image hint work best with VPC 2-3, because you can open them in Finder just click them, but with VPC 6 HD-images you cannot. I haven't tested how about VPC 4-5.

Offline teroyk

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Re: Virtual PC some info
« Reply #19 on: June 03, 2022, 09:08:51 AM »
Official docs say NeXT's OS can be installed, but first we need to toggle some CD option before we can do that. I think something about IDE...
Some versions had NeXT OS support and yes it was something to do with secondary IDE...I don't remember what it was.

At least installing with OpenStep OS to Virtual PC2 you should uncheck Standard IDE configuration from CD-ROM menu from PC Preferences-menu.
It change emulated CD-ROM from secondary IDE master to Primary IDE slave.
I think it is same with NeXTStep OS.